English definition of Glucoside

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Definition of glucoside

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Glucoside (n.) One of a large series of amorphous or crystalline substances, occurring very widely distributed in plants, rarely in animals, and regarded as influental agents in the formation and disposition of the sugars. They are frequently of a bitter taste, but, by the action of ferments, or of dilute acids and alkalies, always break down into some characteristic substance (acid, aldehyde, alcohol, phenole, or alkaloid) and glucose (or some other sugar); hence the name. They are of the natur

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Murrayin :: Murrayin (n.) A glucoside found in the flowers of a plant (Murraya exotica) of South Asia, and extracted as a white amorphous slightly bitter substance..

Paviin :: Paviin (n.) A glucoside found in species of the genus Pavia of the Horse-chestnut family.

Indiglucin :: Indiglucin (n.) The variety of sugar (glucose) obtained from the glucoside indican. It is unfermentable, but reduces Fehling's solution..

Urechitin :: Urechitin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the leaves of a certain plant (Urechitis suberecta) as a bitter white crystalline substance.

Hesperidin :: Hesperidin (n.) A glucoside found in ripe and unripe fruit (as the orange), and extracted as a white crystalline substance..

Frangulin :: Frangulin (n.) A yellow crystalline dyestuff, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from a species (Rhamnus Frangula) of the buckthorn; -- called also rhamnoxanthin..

Cathartin :: Cathartin (n.) The bitter, purgative principle of senna. It is a glucoside with the properties of a weak acid; -- called also cathartic acid, and cathartina..

Cyclamin :: Cyclamin (n.) A white amorphous substance, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from the corm of Cyclamen Europaeum..

Convallarin :: Convallarin (n.) A white, crystalline glucoside, of an irritating taste, extracted from the convallaria or lily of the valley..

Gentiopikrin :: Gentiopikrin (n.) A bitter, yellow, crystalline substance, regarded as a glucoside, and obtained from the gentian..

Helicin :: Helicin (n.) A glucoside obtained as a white crystalline substance by partial oxidation of salicin, from a willow (Salix Helix of Linnaeus.).

Quinovin :: Quinovin (n.) An amorphous bitter glucoside derived from cinchona and other barks. Called also quinova bitter, and quinova..

Carmine :: Carmine (n.) The essential coloring principle of cochineal, extracted as a purple-red amorphous mass. It is a glucoside and possesses acid properties; -- hence called also carminic acid..

Glucoside :: Glucoside (n.) One of a large series of amorphous or crystalline substances, occurring very widely distributed in plants, rarely in animals, and regarded as influental agents in the formation and disposition of the sugars. They are frequently of a bitter taste, but, by the action of ferments, or of dilute acids and alkalies, always break down into some characteristic substance (acid, aldehyde, alcohol, phenole, or alkaloid) and glucose (or some other sugar); hence the name. They are of the natur

Helleborein :: Helleborein (n.) A poisonous glucoside accompanying helleborin in several species of hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a bittersweet taste. It has a strong action on the heart, resembling digitalin..

Myronic :: Myronic (a.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, mustard; -- used specifically to designate a glucoside called myronic acid, found in mustard seed..

Rutin :: Rutin (n.) A glucoside resembling, but distinct from, quercitrin. Rutin is found in the leaves of the rue (Ruta graveolens) and other plants, and obtained as a bitter yellow crystalline substance which yields quercitin on decomposition..

Coniferin :: Coniferin (n.) A glucoside extracted from the cambium layer of coniferous trees as a white crystalline substance.

Jalapin :: Jalapin (n.) A glucoside found in the stems of the jalap plant and scammony. It is a strong purgative.

Phlorizin :: Phlorizin (n.) A bitter white crystalline glucoside extracted from the root bark of the apple, pear, cherry, plum, etc..