English definition of Silicon

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Definition of silicon

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Silicon (n.) A nonmetalic element analogous to carbon. It always occurs combined in nature, and is artificially obtained in the free state, usually as a dark brown amorphous powder, or as a dark crystalline substance with a meetallic luster. Its oxide is silica, or common quartz, and in this form, or as silicates, it is, next to oxygen, the most abundant element of the earth's crust. Silicon is characteristically the element of the mineral kingdom, as carbon is of the organic world. Symbol Si. A

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Fluosilicate :: Fluosilicate (n.) A double fluoride of silicon and some other (usually basic) element or radical, regarded as a salt of fluosilicic acid; -- called also silicofluoride..

Silicic :: Silicic (a.) Pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, silica; specifically, designating compounds of silicon; as, silicic acid..

Fluosilicic :: Fluosilicic (a.) Composed of, or derived from, silicon and fluorine..

Silicofluoric :: Silicofluoric (a.) Containing, or composed of, silicon and fluorine; especially, denoting the compounds called silicofluorides..

Ekasilicon :: Ekasilicon (n.) The name of a hypothetical element predicted and afterwards discovered and named germanium; -- so called because it was a missing analogue of the silicon group. See Germanium, and cf. Ekabor..

Silicified :: Silicified (a.) Combined or impregnated with silicon or silica, especially the latter; as, silicified wood..

Fluorine :: Fluorine (n.) A non-metallic, gaseous element, strongly acid or negative, or associated with chlorine, bromine, and iodine, in the halogen group of which it is the first member. It always occurs combined, is very active chemically, and possesses such an avidity for most elements, and silicon especially, that it can neither be prepared nor kept in glass vessels. If set free it immediately attacks the containing material, so that it was not isolated until 1886. It is a pungent, corrosive, colorles

Silico- :: Silico- () A combining form (also used adjectively) denoting the presence of silicon or its compounds; as, silicobenzoic, silicofluoride, etc..

Germanium :: Germanium (n.) A rare element, recently discovered (1885), in a silver ore (argyrodite) at Freiberg. It is a brittle, silver-white metal, chemically intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, resembles tin, and is in general identical with the predicted ekasilicon. Symbol Ge. Atomic weight 72.3..

Silicide :: Silicide (n.) A binary compound of silicon, or one regarded as binary..

Silicotungstic :: Silicotungstic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, any one of a series of double acids of silicon and tungsten, known in the free state, and also in their salts (called silicotungstates)..

Zirconium :: Zirconium (n.) A rare element of the carbon-silicon group, intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, obtained from the mineral zircon as a dark sooty powder, or as a gray metallic crystalline substance. Symbol Zr. Atomic weight, 90.4..

Silicium :: Silicium (n.) See Silicon.

Basilicon :: Basilicon (n.) An ointment composed of wax, pitch, resin, and olive oil, lard, or other fatty substance..

Unisilicate :: Unisilicate (n.) A salt of orthosilicic acid, H4SiO4; -- so called because the ratio of the oxygen atoms united to the basic metals and silicon respectively is 1:1; for example, Mg2SiO4 or 2MgO.SiO2..

Silicon :: Silicon (n.) A nonmetalic element analogous to carbon. It always occurs combined in nature, and is artificially obtained in the free state, usually as a dark brown amorphous powder, or as a dark crystalline substance with a meetallic luster. Its oxide is silica, or common quartz, and in this form, or as silicates, it is, next to oxygen, the most abundant element of the earth's crust. Silicon is characteristically the element of the mineral kingdom, as carbon is of the organic world. Symbol Si. A

Siliciureted :: Siliciureted (a.) Combined or impregnated with silicon.

Multivalent :: Multivalent (a.) Having a valence greater than one, as silicon..

Silicify :: Silicify (v. t.) To convert into, or to impregnate with, silica, or with the compounds of silicon..

Protosilicate :: Protosilicate (n.) A silicate formed with the lowest proportion of silicic acid, or having but one atom of silicon in the molecule..