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Scale :: Scale (n.) The graduated series of all the tones, ascending or descending, from the keynote to its octave; -- called also the gamut. It may be repeated through any number of octaves. See Chromatic scale, Diatonic scale, Major scale, and Minor scale, under Chromatic, Diatonic, Major, and Minor..

Contrafagetto :: Contrafagetto (n.) The double bassoon, an octave deeper than the bassoon..

Principal :: Principal (n.) In English organs the chief open metallic stop, an octave above the open diapason. On the manual it is four feet long, on the pedal eight feet. In Germany this term corresponds to the English open diapason..

Harmonics :: Harmonics (n.) Secondary and less distinct tones which accompany any principal, and apparently simple, tone, as the octave, the twelfth, the fifteenth, and the seventeenth. The name is also applied to the artificial tones produced by a string or column of air, when the impulse given to it suffices only to make a part of the string or column vibrate; overtones..

Polychord :: Polychord (n.) An apparatus for coupling two octave notes, capable of being attached to a keyed instrument..

Overblow :: Overblow (v. i.) To force so much wind into a pipe that it produces an overtone, or a note higher than the natural note; thus, the upper octaves of a flute are produced by overblowing..

Tenth :: Tenth (n.) The interval between any tone and the tone represented on the tenth degree of the staff above it, as between one of the scale and three of the octave above; the octave of the third..

Eighth :: Eighth (n.) The interval of an octave.

Diatonic :: Diatonic (a.) Pertaining to the scale of eight tones, the eighth of which is the octave of the first..

Eleventh :: Eleventh (n.) The interval consisting of ten conjunct degrees; the interval made up of an octave and a fourth.

Temperament :: Temperament (v. t.) A system of compromises in the tuning of organs, pianofortes, and the like, whereby the tones generated with the vibrations of a ground tone are mutually modified and in part canceled, until their number reduced to the actual practicable scale of twelve tones to the octave. This scale, although in so far artificial, is yet closely suggestive of its origin in nature, and this system of tuning, although not mathematically true, yet satisfies the ear, while it has the convenienc

Equisonance :: Equisonance (n.) An equal sounding; the consonance of the unison and its octaves.

Sixteenth :: Sixteenth (n.) An interval comprising two octaves and a second.

Twelfth :: Twelfth (n.) An interval comprising an octave and a fifth.

Sonnet :: Sonnet (n.) A poem of fourteen lines, -- two stanzas, called the octave, being of four verses each, and two stanzas, called the sestet, of three verses each, the rhymes being adjusted by a particular rule..

Piccolo :: Piccolo (n.) A small, shrill flute, the pitch of which is an octave higher than the ordinary flute; an octave flute..

Fifteenth :: Fifteenth (n.) An interval consisting of two octaves.

Octave :: Octave (n.) The eighth tone in the scale; the interval between one and eight of the scale, or any interval of equal length; an interval of five tones and two semitones..

Trumpet :: Trumpet (n.) A wind instrument of great antiquity, much used in war and military exercises, and of great value in the orchestra. In consists of a long metallic tube, curved (once or twice) into a convenient shape, and ending in a bell. Its scale in the lower octaves is limited to the first natural harmonics; but there are modern trumpets capable, by means of valves or pistons, of producing every tone within their compass, although at the expense of the true ringing quality of tone..

Authentic :: Authentic (n.) Having as immediate relation to the tonic, in distinction from plagal, which has a correspondent relation to the dominant in the octave below the tonic..

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