English definition of Carbon

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Definition of carbon

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Carbon (n.) An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or t

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Decarbonizer :: Decarbonizer (n.) He who, or that which, decarbonizes a substance..

Carbonari :: Carbonari (pl. ) of Carbonar.

Calcareous :: Calcareous (a.) Partaking of the nature of calcite or calcium carbonate; consisting of, or containing, calcium carbonate or carbonate of lime..

Phenanthridine :: Phenanthridine (n.) A nitrogenous hydrocarbon base, C13H9N, analogous to phenanthrene and quinoline..

Respiration :: Respiration (n.) The act of resping or breathing; the act of taking in and giving out air; the aggregate of those processes bu which oxygen is introduced into the system, and carbon dioxide, or carbonic acid, removed..

Bone :: Bone (n.) The hard, calcified tissue of the skeleton of vertebrate animals, consisting very largely of calcic carbonate, calcic phosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and bone..

Octonaphthene :: Octonaphthene (n.) A colorless liquid hydrocarbon of the octylene series, occurring in Caucasian petroleum..

Carbonize :: Carbonize (v. t.) To convert (an animal or vegetable substance) into a residue of carbon by the action of fire or some corrosive agent; to char.

Carbide :: Carbide (n.) A binary compound of carbon with some other element or radical, in which the carbon plays the part of a negative; -- formerly termed carburet..

Rhigolene :: Rhigolene (n.) A mixture of volatile hydrocarbons intermediate between gsolene and cymogene. It is obtained in the purification of crude petroleum, and is used as a refregerant..

Crotonylene :: Crotonylene (n.) A colorless, volatile, pungent liquid, C4H6, produced artificially, and regarded as an unsaturated hydrocarbon of the acetylene series, and analogous to crotonic acid..

Bromlife :: Bromlife (n.) A carbonate of baryta and lime, intermediate between witherite and strontianite; -- called also alstonite..

Gyracanthus :: Gyracanthus (n.) A genus of fossil fishes, found in Devonian and carboniferous strata; -- so named from their round, sculptured spines..

Acetylene :: Acetylene (n.) A gaseous compound of carbon and hydrogen, in the proportion of two atoms of the former to two of the latter. It is a colorless gas, with a peculiar, unpleasant odor, and is produced for use as an illuminating gas in a number of ways, but chiefly by the action of water on calcium carbide. Its light is very brilliant..

Decarburize :: Decarburize (v. t.) To deprive of carbon; to remove the carbon from.

Ethenyl :: Ethenyl (n.) A univalent hydrocarbon radical of the ethylene series, CH2:CH; -- called also vinyl. See Vinyl..

Ethane :: Ethane (n.) A gaseous hydrocarbon, C2H6, forming a constituent of ordinary illuminating gas. It is the second member of the paraffin series, and its most important derivatives are common alcohol, aldehyde, ether, and acetic acid. Called also dimethyl..

Valerylene :: Valerylene (n.) A liquid hydrocarbon, C5H8; -- called also pentine..

Menthene :: Menthene (n.) A colorless liquid hydrocarbon resembling oil of turpentine, obtained by dehydrating menthol. It has an agreeable odor and a cooling taste..

Dinaphthyl :: Dinaphthyl (n.) A colorless, crystalline hydrocarbon, C20H14, obtained from naphthylene, and consisting of a doubled naphthylene radical..