English definition of Radical

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Definition of radical

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Radical (n.) Specifically, a group of two or more atoms, not completely saturated, which are so linked that their union implies certain properties, and are conveniently regarded as playing the part of a single atom; a residue; -- called also a compound radical. Cf. Residue..

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Radical :: Radical (n.) A characteristic, essential, and fundamental constituent of any compound; hence, sometimes, an atom..

Triacid :: Triacid (a.) Capable of neutralizing three molecules of a monobasic acid or the equivalent; having three hydrogen atoms which may be acid radicals; -- said of certain bases; thus, glycerin is a triacid base..

Acetate :: Acetate (n.) A salt formed by the union of acetic acid with a base or positive radical; as, acetate of lead, acetate of potash..

Cyanide :: Cyanide (n.) A compound formed by the union of cyanogen with an element or radical.

Dicarbonic :: Dicarbonic (a.) Containing two carbon residues, or two carboxyl or radicals; as, oxalic acid is a dicarbonic acid..

Hexdecyl :: Hexdecyl (n.) The essential radical, C16H33, of hecdecane..

Polytungstic :: Polytungstic (a.) Containing several tungsten atoms or radicals; as, polytungstic acid..

Substitutional :: Substitution (n.) The act or process of substituting an atom or radical for another atom or radical; metethesis; also, the state of being so substituted. See Metathesis..

Tolyl :: Tolyl (n.) The hydrocarbon radical, CH3.C6H4, regarded as characteristic of certain compounds of the aromatic series related to toluene; as, tolyl carbinol..

Diazo- :: Diazo- () A combining form (also used adjectively), meaning pertaining to, or derived from, a series of compounds containing a radical of two nitrogen atoms, united usually to an aromatic radical; as, diazo-benzene, C6H5.N2.OH..

Hexad :: Hexad (n.) An atom whose valence is six, and which can be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by, six monad atoms or radicals; as, sulphur is a hexad in sulphuric acid. Also used as an adjective..

Hydrosulphide :: Hydrosulphide (n.) One of a series of compounds, derived from hydrogen sulphide by the replacement of half its hydrogen by a base or basic radical; as, potassium hydrosulphide, KSH. The hydrosulphides are analogous to the hydrates and include the mercaptans..

Radix :: Radix (n.) A primitive word, from which spring other words; a radical; a root; an etymon..

Surd :: Surd (a.) Involving surds; not capable of being expressed in rational numbers; radical; irrational; as, a surd expression or quantity; a surd number..

Anhydride :: Anhydride (n.) An oxide of a nonmetallic body or an organic radical, capable of forming an acid by uniting with the elements of water; -- so called because it may be formed from an acid by the abstraction of water..

Ketone :: Ketone (n.) One of a large class of organic substances resembling the aldehydes, obtained by the distillation of certain salts of organic acids and consisting of carbonyl (CO) united with two hydrocarbon radicals. In general the ketones are colorless volatile liquids having a pungent ethereal odor..

Butyl :: Butyl (n.) A compound radical, regarded as butane, less one atom of hydrogen..

Phosphinic :: Phosphinic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, certain acids analogous to the phosphonic acids, but containing two hydrocarbon radicals, and derived from the secondary phosphines by oxidation..

Radical :: Radical (a.) Relating, or belonging, to the root, or ultimate source of derivation; as, a radical verbal form..

Ditolyl :: Ditolyl (n.) A white, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon, C14H14, consisting of two radicals or residues of toluene..